The Bhuruu Mosque ndeimwe yeIstanbul iconic landmarks, inokwezva mamirioni evashanyi nemavakirwo ayo anoshamisa. Iri mudunhu reSultanahmet, mosque yakakomberedzwa nemamyuziyamu epasi rose anoratidza nhoroondo yakapfuma yeIstanbul, kubva yeByzantine uye Ottoman eras kusvika kuTurkey yemazuva ano. Gwaro iri rinoratidza mamuseum epamusoro ari pedyo Bhuruu Mosque, ichipa nzwisiso mukati Art Islamic, Byzantine mosaics, uye Hupenyu hwehumambo hweOttoman.
1) Hagia Sophia Museum
The Hagia Sophia, iri pedyo ne Bhuruu Mosque, a UNESCO World Heritage saiti uye unyanzvi hwezvivakwa. Yakavakwa mukati 537 AD se Byzantine cathedral, yakashanda sezvose a chechi uye musikiti pamusoro payo Nhoroondo yemakore makumi maviri. Zvimiro zvayo zvechiratidzo zvinosanganisira yakakura dome inotsigirwa neinnovative pendentives uye zvinoshamisa Byzantine mosaics, vakadai sevane mukurumbira Deesis Mosaic. Kubatanidza mukristu uye Zvinhu zvechiIslam, inofananidzira imwe yakasiyana nhaurirano yetsika uye akafurira Architecture munyika yose.
Zviratidziro Zvinokosha paHagia Sophia
- Deesis Mosaic: Ichi chinyorwa chounyanzvi chiri mudura repamusoro chinopembererwa nokuda kwekuratidzwa kwacho kwakajeka kwaKristu, Mhandara Maria, naJohane Mubhabhatidzi, kuchiratidza hudzamu hunoshamisa uye manzwiro.
- The Dome: Chiitiko chikuru chekuvaka, iyo dome inoita seinoyangarara zvisingaite, huinjiniya hunoshamisa hwenguva yayo uye kurudziro yezvivakwa zvisingaverengeki.
- Imperial Door: Suo guru rakangochengeterwa madzimambo, rakashongedzwa nemifananidzo yakaoma kunzwisisa uye mufananidzo waKristu, rinosimbisa kukosha kwaro munhau.
- Islamic Calligraphy Panels: Mapaneru makuru edenderedzwa ane zvinyorwa zvechiArab, zvinopindirana nemifananidzo yeByzantine kumiririra musanganiswa wakasiyana wenhoroondo yetsika nechitendero.
- The Weeping Column: Chikamu chinonzi chine masimba ekuporesa anoshamisa, chinokwezva vashanyi kubva pasirese.
Zvinhu izvi, pamwe chete nemusanganiswa wayo usingaenzaniswi we Unyanzvi hwechiKristu neIslam, gadzira Hagia Sophia chiratidzo chinoshamisa chekusangana kwetsika uye hunyanzvi hwekuvaka, zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo yakakodzera parwendo rwemufambi wese.
2) Topkapi Palace Museum
The Topkapi Palace, paimbogara maSultans eOttoman, yava miziyamu inoratidza hunyanzvi hwechiIslam, zvinyorwa, uye zvigadzirwa zvehumambo. Zvakanakisa zvinosanganisira iyo Imperial Treasury nezvinhu zvakadai Topkapi Dagger uye Spoonmaker's Diamond, ivo Zvisaririra Zvinoera nezvinhu zvechitendero, uye harem, ichipa maonero ehupenyu hwehumambo. Zvivanze zvayo uye maonero anoshamisa e Bosphorus uye Nyanga Yegoridhe ita kuti ive inofanirwa-kushanya.
Zviratidziro zvakakosha paTopkapi Palace Museum
- Imperial Treasury: Muunganidzwa unokatyamadza une minondo yakavharwa nematombo, zvigaro zvegoridhe, uye inoyevedza 86-carat Spoonmaker's Diamond. Ichi chiratidziro chinoratidza hupfumi uye hukuru hweOttoman Empire.
- Zvisaririra Zvinoera: Muunganidzwa wezvemweya wakadzama unoratidza zvinhu zvakakosha zvechitendero, kusanganisira zvinhu zveMuporofita Muhammad, zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo yekufambira vashanyi vazhinji.
- harem: Kungoona nyika yakasarudzika uye yakavanzika yeOttoman royals, ine magadzirirwo ayo akanaka, mataira akapendwa nemaoko, uye akasarudzika ezvivakwa.
- Kanzuru Chamber: Uko magrand viziers nevakuru vakuru vakataurirana pamusoro penyaya dzehurumende, vachipa nzwisiso inokatyamadza mumanomano ezvematongerwo enyika ehumambo.
- Panoramic Views: Nzvimbo yemuzinda inopa maonero asingaenzaniswi eBosphorus neGoridhe Nyanga, yakanakira kutora mafoto uye kunyura mukunaka kweIstanbul.
Izvi zvinoratidzira zvinoita kuti Topkapi Palace ive musanganiswa unonakidza wenhoroondo, hunyanzvi, uye zvivakwa, zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo yakakosha kune chero mufambi.
3) Istanbul Archaeology Museums
The Istanbul Archaeology Museums, iri pedyo Topkapi Palace, ine imwe yenzvimbo dzakaunganidzwa pasi rose dzezvinhu zvekare. Zvakanakisa zvinosanganisira mukurumbira Alexander Sarcophagus, ivo Chibvumirano cheKadheshi, Mesopotamian artifacts, uye zvinoshamisa Makemiki echiIslam panguva Tiled Kiosk Museum. Iyi yakaoma inopa yakadzika dive munharaunda yacho pre-Islamic nhoroondo uye artic heritage.
Zviratidziro Zvinokosha paIstanbul Archaeological Museums
- Alexander Sarcophagus: Sarcophagus iyi yakavezwa zvine unyanzvi, inofungidzirwa kuti yaiva yamambo weSidhoni, ine mifananidzo inoshamisa yaAlexander Mukuru ari muhondo nekuvhima, inoratidza unyanzvi husingaenzaniswi hwemunguva yechiGiriki.
- Ishtar Gate Zvimedu: Chiratidziro chinokatyamadza chezvidhinha zvakapenya zvinoratidza mhuka uye zvisikwa zvengano kubva kune ane mukurumbira Ishtar. Gedhi reBhabhironi, zvichipa kuona kubwinya kweMesopotamia.
- Chibvumirano cheKadheshi: Chibvumirano cherunyararo chekare pasi rose chinhu chinoshamisa chinoburitsa hukama hwevamiriri vekare uye nhaurirano dzine runyararo munhoroondo yekare.
- Cuneiform Mahwendefa: Mahwendefa aya anonyora zvaiitika mazuva ose, zvokutengeserana, uye mashandiro muMesopotamia yekare, zvichiita kuti abatsire zvikuru kunzwisisa vanhu vekare.
- Zviyamuro zvevaAsiria: Zvivezwa zvematombo zvakaisvonaka zvinorondedzera zvakaoma kunzwisisa nyaya dzehondo, ngano, uye upenyu hwezuva nezuva muUmambo hweAsiria, zvichiratidza kubudirira kwavo kwounyanzvi netsika.
- Tiled Kiosk: Iyi museum yakamira inochengetera muunganidzwa wakapfuma weIslamic ceramics uye mataira, ichipa ruzivo mukushanduka kwehunyanzvi hwekushongedza munyika yeIslam, inosimudzira kune vanofarira art.
4) Basilica Tsingi
The Basilica Tangi, kana Yerebatan Sarayi, a 6th century underground water reservoir in Istanbul, yakavakwa panguva yaMambo Justinian ini kutonga. Iri pedyo ne Bhuruu Mosque, zvinoumba 336 mbiru dzakareba, kupenya kunoshamisa, uye inozivikanwa yakavanzika Medusa musoro mabhesi. Kudzoreredza nguva pfupi yadarika kwakachengetedza mamiriro ayo anotyisa uku achiwedzera maratidziro anobatika Byzantine engineering. Nzvimbo yakakurumbira yekudhirowa, inopa inonakidza kuona mune yekare manejimendi manejimendi.
Zviratidziro Zvinokosha paBasilica Cistern
- Medusa Head Bases: Iwo enigmatic Medusa musoro mbiru, akaiswa kumusoro pasi uye padivi, anokwezva vashanyi nemabviro avo asinganzwisisike uye inonakidza chiratidzo. Ndivo pakati pevakanyanya kutorwa mifananidzo zvinhu zvemugodhi.
- Vaulted Ceilings uye Marble Columns: Makoramu 336 emarble anotsigira tangi, akasanganiswa nedenga rakavharidzirwa zvakanaka, anoratidza muenzaniso unoshamisa weinjiniya yekare yeByzantine nehunyanzvi.
- Inopindirana Inoratidza: Zvichangobva kuwedzerwa zvinosanganisira zviratidzo zvinodzidzisa zvinoenzanisira kuti tangi racho sei inoshanda mukati meiyo hombe yeByzantine water management system, ichipa vashanyi nhoroondo yezvakaitika.
- Atmospheric Lighting: Kuvheneka kwakagadzirwa zvine hungwaru kunosimbisa zvimiro zvezvivakwa uku uchivandudza ethereal, ingangoita imwe nyika ambiance yetangi.
- Tsika Kukosha: The Basilica Cistern haingori chishamiso chenhoroondo chete asiwo chiratidzo chetsika, inoonekwa mumafirimu e blockbuster uye zvinyorwa, izvo zvinowedzera kusimbisa nzvimbo yayo seyo inofanirwa kushanyira nzvimbo.
5) Turkish uye Islamic Arts Museum
Imba mune yekare Ibrahim Pasha Palace, ivo Turkish uye Islamic Arts Museum inopa muunganidzwa wepasirese wepasirese wehunyanzvi hwechiIslam wakatora mazana gumi nematatu emakore. Imba yamambo pachayo, yakavakwa muzana remakore rechi13, yaimbova musha Ibrahim Pasha, the grand vizier of Sultan Suleiman Mukuru.
Muunganidzwa wemakapeti wemuseum hauenzaniswi, une zvidimbu zvinopfuura 1,700 kubva muzana ramakore rechisere kusvika rechi8. The Seljuk makapeti kubva muzana remakore rechi13 rinomiririra mimwe mienzaniso yekare yakasara ye Turkish carpet kuruka. The Ethnographic Chikamu inodzokorora dzimba dzechinyakare dzeTurkey kubva kumatunhu akasiyana, zvichiratidza kuti vanhu vaigara sei mhiri kweHumambo hweOttoman.
The Calligraphy Hall inoratidza mienzaniso yakanaka kwazvo yemanyorero echiIslam, kusanganisira manyoro eKorani nemirairo yehumambo. The Metalwork Chikamu ine zvinhu zvakaoma kunzwisisa zvebhuronzi nendarira, kusanganisira izvo zvakakurumbira Mardin Ewer kubva muzana remakore rechi13. Iyo palace's courtyard cafe inopa maonero eiyo Bhuruu Mosque uye Hagia Sophia.
Key Exhibits pa Turkish uye Islamic Arts Museum
- Carpet uye Rug Collection: Imwe yeakanyanya kuunganidzwa pasi rose emakapeti ekare, anoratidza maitiro akaomarara uye matekiniki kubva kumatunhu akasiyana echiIslam.
- Wooden Artifacts: Zvidimbu zvemapuranga zvakavezwa, kusanganisira mienzaniso yekutanga yehuni dzechiIslam.
- Ceramics uye Tiles: Mathairi ekushongedza uye makeramiki anoratidza mavara anoyevedza uye echinyakare motifs, anowanzo shandiswa muIslam dhizaini.
- Zvinyorwa uye Zviduku: MaQuran asingawanzo uye zvinyorwa zvakavhenekerwa zvakashongedzwa nemadhizaini.
- Metalwork Collection: Rudzi rwezvinhu zvesimbi, zvinosanganisira maturusi, midziyo, uye zvinhu zvekushongedza, zvinoratidzira hunyanzvi hwemhizha kubva kuSeljuk neOttoman nguva.
6) Great Palace Mosaic Museum
Yakavigwa pasi pe Arasta Bazaar, ivo Great Palace Mosaic Museum inochengetedza zvinoshamisa pasi mosaics kubva ku Imba huru yeConstantinople. Aya ma mosaic emuzana ramakore rechitanhatu akawanikwa panguva yekucherwa muma6s nema1930s, achiratidza hunyoro hwedare remambo weByzantine.
Iwo ma mosaics anoratidza zvibodzwa zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, ngano, uye zvisikwa zvine ruzivo rwakatanhamara uye nehunyanzvi. Nzvimbo dzekuvhima, nzvimbo dzevafudzi, uye mhuka dzekunze dzinoratidzwa nezviuru zvematombo madiki ane mavara. The Gondo neNyoka mosaic inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuumbwa kwayo kune simba uye chirevo chekufananidzira.
Dhizaini yemamyuziyamu inobvumira vashanyi kufamba pamusoro pemasaics pamapuratifomu akajeka, vachipa mawonero epadhuze uku vachidzivirira mifananidzo yekare. Interactive displays inotsanangura matekiniki akashandiswa kugadzira idzi shasha uye nhoroondo yadzo. Iyo mosaic inomiririra imwe yeakanakisa mienzaniso yeByzantine yekushongedza art.
Zviratidziro Zvinokosha paGreat Palace Mosaic Museum
- Gondo neNyoka Mosaic - Inozivikanwa nekuratidzwa kwayo kwakajeka kwekurwira pakati pegondo nenyoka, inomiririra simba nekusimba.
- Iyo Griffin Mosaic -Ichiratidzira chisikwa chengano, chidimbu ichi chinoratidza hunyanzvi hwekuita uye mavara anoyevedza.
- Vana Vachitamba Mosaic -Chiratidziro chinoyevedza chevana vanoita zvekutamba, vachipa ruzivo rwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva munguva dzeByzantine.
- Nzou neShumba Mosaic -Kuratidzira mhuka dzemusango mune inosimba kuumbwa, iyi mosaic inoratidza kunakidzwa nemasikirwo muhunyanzvi hwekare.
- Iyo Geometric Pateni Mosaic -Akanaka madhizaini ejometri anoratidza hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hweByzantine maartist.
7) Sultanahmet Square
Nzvimbo yakapoteredza Bhuruu Mosque uye Sultanahmet Square inzvimbo yakapfuma yenhoroondo ine zvikamu zvekare zveIstanbul. Chikwere, chakavakwa pamusoro pekare Hippodrome yeConstantinople, ine zvivakwa zvakaita se Obelisk yaTheodosius, ivo Nyoka Column, Uye Chitubu cheGerman. Vashanyi vanogona kuongorora 2,500 makore enhoroondo mune ino compact yekunze museum, ine zviratidziro zvekuchera matongo zvinoratidzira Byzantine, ChiGiriki, uye Ottoman nhaka.
Sultanahmet Square Key Exhibits
- Obelisk yaTheodosius: Ichi chivezwa chirefu, chakatangira kuEgypt, chinoratidza hunyanzvi hwekare uye chinoratidza kuchinjana kwetsika pakati pebudiriro.
- Nyoka Column: Chisaririra kubva kuTemberi yeApollo kuDelphi, iyi koramu inomiririra kubatana uye kusimba kweguta reGreek-nyika munguva yeHondo dzePezhiya.
- Chitubu cheGerman: Chipo chinoshamisa kubva kuna Kaiser Wilhelm II, iyi gazebo yakashongedzwa inomiririra kubatana kwakadzama pakati peHumambo hweOttoman neGermany mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi 19.
- Historical Ruins uye Artefacts: Sikweya's archaeological displays inopa nzwisiso munguva dzakasiyana dzenhoroondo, zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo yekudzidzisa yevanofarira nhoroondo.
8) Museum yeTurkey Calligraphy Art
The Museum yeTurkey Calligraphy Art, iri muzana remakore rechi15 Bayezid Medrese, inoratidza nhoroondo yakapfuma yeIslamic calligraphy. Kuunganidzwa kwayo kunoshanda nevatenzi calligraphers, kusanganisira iyo Hilye-i Sherif uye Tughra zvikamu, zvichiratidza tsika dzeunyanzvi netsika. Vashanyi vanogona kuongorora maturusi, kuona ma calligrapher emazuva ano, uye kutora chikamu mumashopu kuti vazvionere vega iyi yekare art fomu.
Zviratidziro zvakakosha paMuseum yeTurkey Calligraphy Art
- Zviratidziro zvinokatyamadza zvinoratidza kugona uye nhaka yeTurkey calligraphy.
- Hilye-i Sherif: Penera rekushongedza rinopemberera tsananguro yemuviri neyetsika yeMuporofita Muhammad.
- Tughras: Ornate monograms eOttoman sultans ane zvimiro zvakaomarara zvinomiririra chiremera chehumambo.
- Manyoro ekare, akavhenekerwa maQur'an, uye zvisingawanzo kubata pane calligraphic script.
- Zvishandiso zvechinyakare zvakaita sema inkipoti, zvinyoreso zvetsanga, uye mapanga ekurodza, zvichiratidza hunyanzvi huri kumashure kwehunyanzvi.
- A full spectrum of calligraphy anoratidza kubatanidza zvakapfuura nezvazvino.
9) Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque
The Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque, yakagadzirwa na Mimar Sinan muzana ramakore rechi 16, inoratidza hunyanzvi hwekuvaka hweOttoman pamwero diki. Inozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo Iznik mataira, isina musono Quranic calligraphy, uye acoustics akakwana, inoshanda sese mosque inoshanda uye mamuseum. Vashanyi vanogona kuongorora Sinan's innovation, nhoroondo yemusikiti, uye unakirwe nemaonero anoshamisa e Gungwa reMarmara.
Zviratidziro Zvinokosha paSokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque
- Matangiro ekutanga ane akaoma kunzwisisa Iznik magadzirirwo, ichiratidza mavara anoyevedza eblue cobalt neturquoise uye Humambo hweOttoman's ceramic artistry.
- Zvimedu zveKorani kubva muzana ramakore rechi 16, inoratidzira yakanakisa Ottoman calligraphy.
- An exhibit on Sinan's engineering maitiro, kusanganisira mienzaniso yekudyidzana yezvimiro zvitsva zvakachengetedza mosque kwemazana emakore.
- Zvigadzirwa zvisingawanzo, senge zvinhu zveSokollu Mehmet Pasha uye zvinyorwa zvinoratidzira zvipo zvake kune hutongi hweOttoman.
