Istanbul, guta rakapfuma munhoroondo uye kusiyana-siyana, rine vanhu vakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana. Muchinyorwa chino, tinoongorora huwandu hwevanhu veIstanbul nechitendero uye huwandu hwezvinamato zveguta, tichitarisa kune zvitendero zvakanyanya uye kukosha kwazvo munhoroondo, pamwe nezvinorehwa nemagariro netsika nemagariro mune ino meta ine simba.
Istanbul Population neChitendero: Nhoroondo Yemashure uye Chitendero Chimiro
Istanbul, yaimbozivikanwa seByzantium uye gare gare Constantinople, ine hupfumi hwakawanda hwehuwandu hwechitendero hwakashanduka zvakanyanya mumazana emakore.
Yakavambwa nemaGreek, guta iri rakava muzinda wechiKristu, kunyanya mushure mekunge Emperor Constantine ariita guta guru reHumambo hweByzantine muna 330 AD. Kutevera kukunda kweOttoman muna 1453, Istanbul yakachinja kuita guta rine vanhu vazhinji vechiMuslim, ikava moyo wenyika yeIslam.
Kubva kare, maMuslim, maKristu, nemaJuda vaigarisana mukuwirirana, kunyanya pasi pehutongi hweOttoman, uhwo hwaigamuchira nzira yetsika dzakasiyana-siyana kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemapira. Izvi zvakabvumira kuzvitonga kwechitendero mukati menharaunda dzavo, zvichikurudzira nzanga ine hukama.
Uku kupfupikiswa kwevagari vemuIstanbul nechitendero kunosimbisa tsika dzezvitendero dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoratidza magariro eguta.
Zviitiko zvakakosha zvenhoroondo, zvakaita sekudonha kweConstantinople, zvakaratidza kuchinja kukuru kwesimba uye kutonga kwechitendero, zvichigadzira nzira yemukurumbira weIslam. Sezvo guta rakawedzera uye richibudirira, hunhu hwaro hwemarudzi ese hwakaramba huripo, nevezvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana vachipesvedzera tsika nemagariro machira eIstanbul. Nhasi, nepo ruzhinji rwechiMuslim rwuchiumba zita reguta, kuvapo kwevakirisito nemaJuda vekare vanochengeta nhaka yaro yakasiyana, zvichisimbisa nhoroondo yakasiyana yenhoroondo yeIstanbul.Kuchinja kwenhoroondo uku kwakasiya zvimiro zvechigarire pahuwandu hweIstanbul nechitendero uye zvinoramba zvichiumba huwandu hwevanhu vezvitendero.
Islam: The Dominant Faith
Simba reIslam rinoonekwa mukuvaka kweguta, nemamosque makuru seSultan Ahmed Mosque uye. Hagia Sophia kushanda sezviratidzo zvekutenda uye kubudirira kwehunyanzvi. Zvivako izvi hazvingoiti senzvimbo dzekunamatira chete asiwo senzvimbo dzenzanga dzinoitirwa zviitiko zvetsika uye kuungana. Mamosque, anoratidzwa neminareti yawo inokatyamadza uye kunyorwa kwakaoma kunzwisisa, inzvimbo dzakatariswa dzehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, inosimudzira pfungwa yenharaunda uye kuva pakati pevatendi.
Maitiro ezuva nezuva, akadai sekuenda kuminamato yeChishanu kana kuita maftars emunharaunda panguva yeRamadan, anoratidzazve basa rakakosha reIslam mukuumba magariro eIstanbul. Kupembererwa kwemazororo echitendero, kunocherechedzwa nemhemberero dzeveruzhinji uye kuungana, kunosimbisa kukosha kwekutenda muhupenyu hwevagari veIstanbul, kuchiisa mukati memukati meguta rine hunyoro retsika.
Chikristu uye Zvimwe Zvitendero
Vashoma vechiKristu vemuIstanbul vanoita basa rakakosha mukuwanda kwemaguta ezvitendero zvakasiyana. Anonyanya kumiririrwa neveGreek Orthodox neArmenian Apostolic nharaunda, mapoka aya ane midzi inodzokera kumashure kwemazana emakore. Chechi yeGreek Orthodox, yakavakirwa paEcumenical Patriarchate yeConstantinople, inoramba iri chiratidzo chechiKristu cheEastern Orthodox. Nharaunda yakatarisana nematambudziko makuru, anosanganisira kudzikira kwehuwandu nekuda kwekutama uye kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika, asi inoramba ichibatsira kumararamiro eIstanbul kuburikidza nemachechi ayo ane nhoroondo, zvikoro, uye tsika dzakasimba.
Chechi yeArmenian Apostolic, imwe yemachechi ekare echiKristu, inewo yakakosha nzvimbo muIstanbul zvechitendero. Vanhu vokuArmenia vanopa zvakawanda mumabasa okugadzira zvinhu uye zvokutengeserana, nemachechi avo, akadai seSurp Takavor anoorora, anoshanda sezviratidzo zvetsika.
Kupfuura nharaunda idzi dzakanyanya, Istanbul imusha wemapoka madiki, anosanganisira maJuda uye akasiyana masangano echiPurotesitendi, ayo anowanzo fambisa hukama hwakaoma netsika zhinji dzechiMuslim. Secularism muIstanbul yemazuva ano inokanganisa zvidiki izvi, zvichipikisa maitiro avo uku vachikurudzira kugarisana kwakasiyana kunoumba kuzivikanwa kweguta. Nekutonga kwenyika, nharaunda idzi dzinotungamira kutenda kwadzo zvichienderana nemamiriro emazuva ano, akasiyana siyana emumaguta.
Zvinorehwa neKusiyana Kwezvitendero paSosaiti
Istanbul yakapfuma tapestry yekusiyana kwezvitendero inokanganisa zvakanyanya magariro ayo uye masimba emadhorobha. Ruzhinji rwechiMuslim, rwunoverengera chikamu che98% chevagari veguta, vanogarisana nenharaunda dzakakosha dzechiKristu nemaJuda, vachigadzira kusangana kwakaoma kwenharaunda. Musiyano uyu unoumba hukama hwezvitendero zvakasiyana, uchikurudzira mikana yenhaurirano uye kuchinjana kwetsika kuburikidza nemitambo yakasiyana siyana, yakadai seIstanbul Biennial, inopemberera zvirevo zvekunyika nezvechitendero.
Zvisinei, kuva nezvitendero zvakawanda kweguta racho kunopawo matambudziko akasiyana. Kunetsana dzimwe nguva kunomuka pakati pemaitiro ezvitendero zvechinyakare uye misimboti yekutonga kwenyika, kunyanya maererano nenzvimbo yeruzhinji uye kutaura kwechitendero. Semuyenzaniso, zviitiko zvemosque nemasevhisi emachechi zvinowanzokwikwidzana pakuonekwa uye kuwana, zvichikonzera kukakavara pakuronga maguta.
Pasinei nezvipingamupinyi izvi, zvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana zveguta racho zvinosimudzira zvirongwa zvevanhu vose zvine chinangwa chokugoverana zvinangwa zvenzanga, zvakadai sedzidzo netsitsi. Kugona kwekudyidzana pakati pezvitendero kunoramba kuri simba rine simba rekubatana, rinoratidzwa nenhaurirano dzezvitendero zvakasiyana dzinowedzera kushivirirana. Nekudaro, huwandu hwechitendero hweIstanbul, kunyangwe hwakaoma kunzwisisa, hunopa zvese zvipingamupinyi nemikana yenharaunda inowirirana uye inosanganisirwa.
mhedziso
Mukupedzisa, huwandu hweIstanbul hunoratidza tapestry yakaoma yezvitendero zvechitendero, zvinonyanya kutungamirwa neIslam. Kunzwisisa huwandu hwevanhu uhu hakungope chiedza chenhaka yetsika yeIstanbul chete asiwo kunozivisa nhaurirano pamusoro pekudyidzana kwevanhu uye nekuzivikanwa kweguta senzvimbo inonyungudika yetsika nezvitendero.