Yakavigwa pasi pemigwagwa yakabatikana yeIstanbul pane isinganzwisisike yepasi pevhu muzinda - iyo Basilica Tangi. Ichi chishamiso chekare hachisi chete chiitiko che Injiniya yeRoma asiwo chiratidzo chinokwezva chenhoroondo yeIstanbul. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora kuti sei Basilica Tangi yakavakwa, chinangwa chayo chepakutanga, kushanduka-shanduka kwayakaita kwemazana emakore, uye kuedza kwakaitwa kuchengetedza kunaka kwayo kunotyisa nhasi.
Kuvakwa kweBasilica Cistern
The Basilica Tangi, inozivikanwa muchiTurkey se Yerebatan Sarnıcı (zvinoreva kuti “Tangi Rinonyura Muvhu”), rakavakwa muzana remakore rechitanhatu munguva yokutonga kwa Mambo weByzantine Justinian I (527–565 AD). Yakagadzirwa kuti ipe dura remvura rakachengeteka remvura Imba huru yeConstantinople nezvivakwa zvakapoteredza.
Zita rokuti “Basilica” rinobva munzvimbo inoungana vanhu, kana kuti basilica, yaimbomira pamusoro payo. Tsime rinoyera kureba kwemamita 140 nemamita makumi manomwe paupamhi, richifukidza nzvimbo inosvika zviuru gumi zvemamita. Inogona kubata 70 cubic metres emvura.
Chimiro chinotsigirwa ne 336 mbiru dzemarble, imwe neimwe yakapoteredza mamita 9 kureba, yakarongwa mumitsara 12 ye28. Dzakawanda dzeidzi mbiru dzakadhindwazve kubva pakutanga. Zvivakwa zveRoma, iyo inotsanangura kusiyana kwekugadzirwa kwavo nekushongedza.
Chinangwa uye Basa reBasilica Cistern
Chinangwa chikuru chetangi chaiva chengeta mvura yakachena iyo inogona kushandiswa kana kusanaya kwemvura kana kukombwa. Mvura yakaunzwa kubva Belgrade Sango, iri makiromita angangoita makumi maviri kubva ipapo, kuburikidza ne Valens Aqueduct nemimwe migero yemvura.
Yakashanda se kuchengetedza mvura yezvivakwa zvehumambo, kusanganisira muzinda nenzvimbo dzinokosha dzekutonga. Zvisinei nekuva pasi pevhu uye kuvanzwa kubva kuhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, chirongo chakaita basa rakakosha mukupona nekushanda kweConstantinople yekare.
Kwemazana emakore, kunyange sezvo masimba ezvematongerwo enyika akachinja kubva Byzantine to Ottoman, chirongo chakaramba chichipa mvura, kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kwaro kwakadzikira mushure mekukundwa kweConstantinople muna 1453.
Mazita Akasiyana Nemashandisirwo Munhoroondo Yese
Munhau yose, the Basilica Tangi yave ichizivikanwa nemazita akasiyana-siyana. Pamusoro pe "Yerebatan Sarnıcı”(Iyo Tsingi Rinonyura), yakanzi zvakare "Subterranean Palace” nekuda kwemakoramu ayo makuru uye necathedral-senge ambiance.
Munguva yeOttoman, vanhu vazhinji vakakanganwa kuvapo kwayo kusvika yavepo yakawanikwazve muzana remakore rechi16 nenyanzvi Petrus Gyllius, avo vakaona vagari veko vachichera mvura - uye kunyange kubata hove - kuburikidza nemakomba mudzimba dzavo dzepasi.
Kwenguva yakareba, yakaramba isingatarisirwi, ichingoshandiswa nguva nenguva nedzimba nezvitoro zviri pedyo. Yakanga isiri kutozosvikira muzana ramakore rechi20 apo yakarangarirwa zvakakomba somukono wetsika nenhau.
Kudzorera uye Kuchengetedza Kuedza
Mu 1960s, hurumende yeTurkey yakaita mukuru wekutanga restoration project, kubvisa mugodhi wemarara uye kuvhurira veruzhinji senzvimbo inokwezva vashanyi. Nzira dzemapuranga dzakaiswa kuitira kuti vashanyi vakwanise kuongorora mamiriro ayo asinganzwisisike pasina kufamba mumvura.
Kubva ipapo, matanho akati wandei ekudzoreredza akaitika, kusanganisira kuvheneka kwemazuva ano, zvigadziriso zvekusimbisa, uye kuchengetedzwa kweiyo mbiri iconic. Medusa misoro, iyo inoumba mabhesi emakoramu maviri uye inoramba ichishamisa vashanyi nemabviro avo uye kuiswa.
Mumakore achangopfuura, iyo Basilica Tangi yakabatawo mashoo eunyanzvi, makontiti, uye mapfuti emafirimu, kusanganisira zvibodzwa kubva Inferno (2016), ichiunza hutsva hutsva hwetsika kune ino yekare nzvimbo.
mhedziso
The Basilica Tangi yakanyanya kudarika dura remvura - inguva capsule ye Byzantine ukuru, Ottoman chakavanzika, uye kunakidza kwemazuva ano. Nezviedza zvayo zvidiki, madonhwe emvura anorira, uye makoramu emazana emakore, kushanyira tangi inonzwa sekupinda mune yepasi yakakanganwa - iyo ichiri kufema nekuzevezera kwehumambo hwekare.